Clinical and epidemiological aspects of human brucellosis in three Cuban provinces (2013-2016)

Abstract

Introduction: Brucellosis is a zoonosis in Cuba. Preventing this disease is possible through intervention strategies aimed at changing predisposing behaviors to the infection. This research analyzes clinical and epidemiological aspects of reported cases of human brucellosis in three Cuban provinces located in the western, central, and eastern regions of the country to provide information to medical doctors and health decision-makers.

Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study was conducted between January 2013 and June 2016. The clinical-epidemiological surveys of 65 reported cases of human brucellosis from three Cuban provinces were analyzed. The variables studied were: age, sex, symptoms, occupation, direct contact with animal reservoirs, and consumption of unpasteurized dairy products or half-cooked meat. Descriptive statistical measures such as absolute frequency and percentage were used for the analysis.

Results: Male sex (66%), age between 25 and 54 years (66.1%), and direct contact with animal reservoirs of Brucella spp. (78.5%) prevailed among the individuals reported with human brucellosis. General malaise (58.5%), joint pain (56.9%), and fever (55.4%) were the prevailing symptoms.

Conclusion:  The outcomes of the clinical-epidemiological variables described were similar to those previously reported in Cuba and in other countries where the disease is endemic. It suggests the need to increase the strategies for the prevention, surveillance and control of human brucellosis in Cuba.