Clinical, Epidemiological, and Laboratory Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized with Dengue at Camilo Cienfuegos Provincial General Hospital
Keywords:
dengue; epidemiology; diagnosis; laboratory biomarkers.Abstract
Introduction: Various studies highlight the need for research that generates up-to-date information on the clinical course of dengue in hospitalized patients, in order to inform health strategies that optimize the care process.
Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of patients hospitalized with dengue.
Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted at Camilo Cienfuegos Provincial General Hospital in Sancti Spíritus, Cuba, during the three-month period from July to September 2022. The sample consisted of 326 patients with cases confirmed via IgM-ELISA. Demographic, clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory variables were analyzed. Results are presented as frequencies and percentages.
Results: The onset and duration of warning signs averaged 5.6 and 2.5 days, respectively. Females (72%) and the 18–37 age group (31%) accounted for the highest frequencies. Upon admission, more than 77% of the cases presented with fever, headache, and myalgia. The municipalities of Sancti Spíritus and Cabaiguán reported the highest incidence. The most frequent hematological abnormality was lymphocytosis (71.8%), while the most common biochemical finding was elevated alanine aminotransferase (61.9%).
Conclusions: A tendency toward a late onset and prolonged duration of warning signs was identified. Detection strategies should prioritize females and young adults. The incidence of cases was associated with high temperatures. Lymphocytosis and elevated alanine aminotransferase levels reflect the pathophysiology of the disease.
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