Molecular characterization of coreceptors and cytokine in Cuban HIV/AIDS patients
Keywords:
VIH/sida, polimorfismo SNP, CCR5, CCRL2, TNF-α, carga viral, células CD4, PCR-RFLP, CubaAbstract
Introduction: Genetic polymorphisms of beta-type 2 and 5 chemokine co-receptors, as well as tumor necrosis factor alpha cytokine, are associated with HIV immunopathogenesis.
Objective: To identify polymorphisms in the genes encoding the cytokine and co-receptors analyzed and their relationship with CD4+ lymphocyte levels and viral load in HIV/AIDS patients.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 50 Cuban patients with HIV/AIDS admitted to the Hospital Center of the Pedro Kourí Institute of Tropical Medicine between September and November 2018. The polymorphism of the genes encoding the co-receptors and cytokine analyzed was determined by polymerase chain reaction and enzyme restriction, respectively.
Results: The wild genotype predominated in the patients studied for the three genes analyzed. In the case of beta type 2 chemokine co-receptors was (54 %) and (92 %) for type 5. For the gene encoding tumor necrosis factor alpha, it was 70 %. Only four individuals presented the deletion of 32 base pairs for the type 5 co-receptor. For this same co-receptor, the homozygous variant of the gene was not found. The overall analysis of all genetic variants obtained showed a prevalence of 44 % of wild-type genotypes in the three genes. In the study, there was no statistically significant relationship between the predominant polymorphisms and CD4+ lymphocyte levels and viral load.
Conclusions: The polymorphism of tumor necrosis factor alpha in HIV/AIDS patients is described for the first time in the country. In this study, previous data on the polymorphism of beta type 2 and 5 chemokine co-receptors are corroborated. The findings provide a scientific basis for the immunopathogenesis of the disease in Cuba and may be useful from a clinical point of view in guiding timely treatment and avoiding complications.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Daymé Hernández Requejo, Deyanira García Gómez, Juan Mario Junco, Rosario Gravier Hernández, María Cristina Godínez López, Luis Enrique Jerez Puebla, Enrique Iglesias Pérez, Claudia Lizeth Cueto Aragón, Héctor Raúl Pérez Gómez, Yaxsier de Armas
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