Aural myiasis caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax: a case report from Panama

Abstract

Introduction: Myiasis is the infestation of living humans or animals by dipteran larvae that feed transiently on the host’s dead or living tissue, body fluids, or ingested food. Human cases are uncommon and usually self-limiting.

Objective: To report a case of aural myiasis caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax and highlight the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment in endemic regions.

Case presentation: We report a case of a 24-year-old man from Panama who developed right ear pain, otorrhea, and expulsion of larvae after a fly landed in his ear. He was treated with antiparasitics, antibiotics, and surgical debridement. The larvae were identified as Cochliomyia hominivorax, known as the New World screwworm fly.

Conclusions: Although rare, aural myiasis may be associated with significant morbidity, particularly when caused by obligate parasites such as Cochliomyia hominivorax. This case highlights the importance of early recognition of invasive myiasis in tropical regions, even in areas with eradication programs.