Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Women Attending Cervix Pathology Consultations in Camagüey
Keywords:
Human papillomavirus, real-time PCR, genotype, cervix pathologies, Camagüey.Abstract
Introduction: High-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) are the causal agents of cervical cancer. Information regarding the frequency of infection and circulating genotypes in women with cervical pathologies in the province of Camagüey is insufficient.
Objectives: To identify and quantify circulating HR-HPV in women from Camagüey, who are attending cervix pathology consultations.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2019 to December 2022. It included 78 women with cytological diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer. Cervix tissue samples were collected via biopsy for confirmatory histological diagnosis and DNA extraction. HPV genotyping, detection, and quantification were performed by real-time PCR.
Results: Histological diagnosis revealed a predominance of low-grade lesions (39.7%) and cervical cancer (28.2%). HR-HPV infection was detected in 64.1%. HPV type 16 was the most prevalent (72%), followed by HPV type 31 (20%) and 58 (16%). Differences (p < 0.0001) were found between the viral loads medians of the identified genotypes, which were significantly higher for HPV types 16 and 18. Maximum values were above 103 copies/mL, irrespective of genotype.
Conclusions: Six HR-HPV genotypes with demonstrated involvement in cervical cancer were identified. This finding reinforces the importance of molecular studies in the national strategy for the prevention and control of this cancer. Additionally, it contributes to evaluating the effectiveness of HPV vaccines that may be used in the future in the Cuban population.
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