Prevalence and risk factors for intestinal parasitic infections in children from two popular councils of Guantánamo
Keywords:
intestinal parasites, children, prevalence, risk factors, Guantanamo.Abstract
Introduction: Intestinal parasites are widely prevalent in the paediatric population worldwide and in developing countries. In Cuba, there are still ecological and sanitary conditions that could maintain these infections in children in some communities.
Objective: To estimate and compare the prevalence and risk factors related to intestinal parasitic infections in children from two popular councils of El Salvador municipality, Guantanamo province, Cuba.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from August 2019 to March 2020, in children aged 1 to 14 years, from two popular councils of the El Salvador municipality, Guantánamo province. Three stool samples were taken from each child, which were processed by three parasitological methods and a questionnaire was applied.
Results: The prevalence of those infected was 77.7% in both councils, with protozoa in general and pathogens in particular predominating over helminths. Blastocystis spp. was the most prevalent species, followed in order of frequency by Endolimax nana and Giardia lamblia in both popular councils. A greater number of risk factors was identified in children living in rural areas.
Conclusions: It was identified that the prevalence of infections by total pathogens, by commensals, and by total of positives was higher in the 5 to 11-year-old group, indicating a higher risk of exposure to intestinal parasitic infections in this age group and whom were from rural areas. The persistence of intestinal parasitic infections in these children indicates the need to continue and improve educational campaigns and hygienic-sanitary measures in the study population.
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