Development of indirect ELISA for the serological diagnosis of human toxocariasis caused by Toxocara canis
Keywords:
Toxocara canis, toxocariasis, immunoassay, indirect ELISA.Abstract
Introduction: Human toxocariasis is a zoonotic infection caused by the migration of larvae, mainly from the species Toxocara canis, within the body. The detection of serum antibodies against the excretory-secretory products released by T. canis larvae is the best laboratory diagnostic option for this parasitic infection. However, cross-reactions may occur, especially in areas with multiple parasitic infections.
Objective: To research the usefulness of the low molecular weight fraction of excretory-secretory products from T. canis larvae for the diagnosis of human toxocariasis.
Methods: Excretory-secretory products were collected during the in vitro maintenance of the larvae. The low molecular weight fraction of the products was purified through molecular size exclusion chromatography, and with it, an ELISA was optimized to detect specific IgG immunoglobulins in serum samples. The performance of the immunoassay was evaluated against the gold standard, which involved clinical, epidemiological, and serological assessment of the patient.
Results: The electrophoretic profile of the purified fraction, under reducing conditions, consisted of two main bands with molecular weights of 38 and 35 kDa, respectively. The values of the performance parameters of the indirect ELISA were adequate (sensitivity 93.4%, specificity 96.2%). No cross-reactivity was detected in samples from patients with other parasitic infections.
Conclusions: The usefulness of the low molecular weight fraction of larval excretory-secretory products for the diagnosis of human toxocariasis was demonstrated.
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